From the bottom up : how small power producers and mini-grids can deliver electrification and renewable energy in Africa

From the bottom up : how small power producers and mini-grids can deliver electrification and renewable energy in Africa /

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Tenenbaum, Bernard William (Author)
Corporate Author: Ebooks Corporation
Other Authors: Greacen, Chris, Siyambalapitiya, Tilak, Knuckles, James
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:English
Published: Washington, DC : The World Bank, [2014]
Series:Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). Energy and mining.
Subjects:
Rural electrification > Africa.
Rural electrification > Economic aspects > Africa.
Small power production facilities > Africa.
Distributed generation of electric power > Africa.
Remote area power supply systems > Africa.
Rural electrification.
Rural electrification > Economic aspects.
Small power production facilities.
Distributed generation of electric power.
Remote area power supply systems.
Africa.
Online Access:Connect to this title online(unlimited simultaneous users allowed; 325 uses per year)

MARC

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100 1 |a Tenenbaum, Bernard William,  |e author.  |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n87802683 
245 1 0 |a From the bottom up :  |b how small power producers and mini-grids can deliver electrification and renewable energy in Africa /  |c Bernard Tenenbaum, Chris Greacen, Tilak Siyambalapitiya, and James Knuckles. 
264 1 |a Washington, DC :  |b The World Bank,  |c [2014] 
300 |a 1 online resource. 
336 |a text  |b txt  |2 rdacontent 
337 |a computer  |b n  |2 rdamedia 
338 |a online resource  |b nc  |2 rdacarrier 
490 1 |a Directions in development. Energy and mining 
504 |a Includes bibliographical references. 
505 0 0 |a Machine generated contents note:   |t Centralized and Decentralized Tracks to Electrification --   |t What Are Small Power Producers and Distributors? --   |t Regulating SPPs --   |t Regulating Main-Grid-Connected SPPs --   |t Regulating SPPs and Mini-Grids That Sell to Retail Customers --   |t Preparing for the Arrival of the Main Grid --   |t From Broad Strategy to Ground-Level Implementation --   |g ch. 1   |t Introduction --   |t Abstract --   |t Africa's Two-Track Approach to Rural Electrification --   |t Our Purpose and Approach --   |t What Are the Typical Starting Conditions in Africa? --   |t Whose Regulatory Decisions? --   |t Acknowledging Controversies and Understanding Different Vocabularies --   |t Regulation: The Problem or One Part of the Solution? --   |t Two Other Important Success Factors --   |t Organization of the Guide --   |t Chapter Highlights --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 2   |t Small Power Producers, Small Power Distributors, and Electrification: Concepts and Examples --   |t Abstract --   |t What Are Small Power Producers? --   |t Four Main Types of Grid and Off-Grid SPPs in Africa --   |t Combinations of Cases --   |t Purchases As Well As Sales --   |t Mini-Grids and SPPs: A Clarification --   |t Which Types of SPPs Are Likely to Achieve Commercial Viability? Some Early Evidence from Tanzania --   |t What Are SPDs? --   |t Electrification: What Is It and How Can It Be Measured? --   |t Defining Electrification as Connections --   |t Defining Electrification as Needs Served --   |t Traditional Electrification Ladder Approach and Its Weaknesses --   |t Measuring Electrification by Its Attributes --   |t Measuring Electrification: From Theory to Practice --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 3   |t Regulation of Small Power Producers and Mini-Grids: An Overview --   |t Abstract --   |t What Is Regulation? --   |t Three Types of Regulatory Decisions That Affect SPPs --   |t Importance of Regulatory Process --   |t Light-Handed Regulation: When It Works and When It Doesn't --   |t To Regulate or Deregulate? A Specific Example --   |t Who Should Regulate SPPs and Mini-Grids? --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 4   |t Regulatory Processes and Approvals: Who Approves What, When, and How? --   |t Abstract --   |t Key Approvals Required: Electricity Sector-Specific versus General Approvals --   |t Successful Example: The Regulatory Process in Sri Lanka --   |t Should Resale of Provisional Approvals, Final Permits, or Licenses Be Allowed? --   |t Licensing: Does the SPP Have a Legal Right to Exist? --   |t Recommended Characteristics of a Good Regulatory Review and Approval System --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 5   |t Regulatory Treatment of Subsidies, Carbon Credits, and Advance Payments --   |t Abstract --   |t Types and Sources of Subsidies Available to SPPs and Their Customers --   |t Regulating Subsidies: The Key Recommendation --   |t Subsidies for Connection Charges and Costs --   |t Cross-Subsidies in Tariffs --   |t Revenues Earned from Carbon Credits through the Clean Development Mechanism or Other Carbon Credit Programs --   |t Advance Payments to Close the Equity Gap --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 6   |t Regulatory Decisions for Grid-Connected Small Power Producers --   |t Abstract --   |t Comparing the Purchase Agreements of SPPs and Independent Producers --   |t Should the Power-Purchase Agreement Include a "Deemed Energy" Clause? --   |t Tariffs for Backup Power Purchased by the SPP --   |t Should the SPP Have the Option of Not Entering a Backup Capacity Contract? --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 7   |t Grid-Connected SPPs: Creating Workable Feed-In Tariffs --   |t Abstract --   |t What Are Feed-In Tariffs? --   |t Two Principal Methods for Setting FITs in Developing Countries --   |t Local Currency versus Hard Currency --   |t Major FIT Implementation Questions and Issues --   |t Who Should Pay the Extra Costs of FITs? --   |t Donor Top-Ups of FITs --   |t Walking Up the Renewable Energy Supply Curve: A Recommended Strategy --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 8   |t Technical and Economic Rules Governing Grid-Integration Interconnections and Operations --   |t Abstract --   |t Basic Terms and Concepts --   |t Standardizing the Process for SPPs to Interconnect to a National or Regional Grid --   |t Scope of the Engineering Standards for Interconnection --   |t Paying for Interconnection Costs --   |t Successful Integration of SPPs into the Grid: Technical and Commercial Requirements --   |t Factors to Consider When Connecting to an Isolated Mini-Grid with Existing Diesel Generators --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 9   |t Regulatory Decisions for Small Power Producers Serving Retail Customers: Tariffs and Quality of Service --   |t Abstract --   |t Setting Retail Tariff Levels: Concepts and Cases --   |t Cost-Reflective Tariffs for Isolated SPPs: How Can the Cost-Revenue Gap Be Closed? --   |t What Can a Regulator Do to Promote the Commercial Viability of Isolated Mini-Grids? --   |t Tariff Levels for Community-Owned SPPs --   |t Setting Tariff Structures: Concepts and Cases --   |t Should Tariffs Be Prepaid or Postpaid? --   |t Alternatives to Setting Retail Tariffs on a Case-by-Case Basis --   |t Setting Quality-of-Service Standards --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 10   |t When the Big Grid Connects to a Little Grid --   |t Abstract --   |t From Broad Strategy to Ground-Level Implementation --   |t Recommendations for When the Big Grid Arrives --   |t Fate of Physical Assets in Each Option --   |t Creating a Viable SPD Option --   |t Importance of the Distribution Margin --   |t Transitioning from an Isolated to a Main Grid SPP: Technical Issues --   |t Technical Requirements of Shifting from Isolated to Grid-Connected Operation --   |t Islanding --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g ch. 11   |t Final Thoughts --   |t Abstract --   |t What Else Is Required for a Successful SPP Program? --   |t To Regulate or Not to Regulate? --   |t Where to Go from Here --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g Appendix A   |t Hybrid Small Power Producers --   |t What Are Hybrid Power Systems? --   |t Should Hybrid SPPs on Isolated Mini-Grids Be Allowed? --   |t Should Grid-Connected Hybrid SPPs Be Allowed? --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g Appendix B   |t Conversion of Flat Monthly Charges to per-kWh Charges --   |g Appendix C   |t Technical and Commercial Quality-of-Service Standards in Rural and Urban Areas of Peru --   |t Quality of Supply and Quality of Product --   |t Quality of Commercial Service --   |t Reference --   |g Appendix D   |t Calculating the Effect of Cost-Reflective Technology-Specific Feed-In Tariffs on Retail Tariffs --   |t Sri Lanka --   |t Thailand --   |t References --   |g Appendix E   |t Evaluation of Risk Allocation in a Power-Purchase Agreement for a Mini-Hydro Project in Rwanda --   |g Appendix F   |t Feed-In Tariff Case Studies: Tanzania, Sri Lanka, and South Africa --   |t Tanzania's Feed-In Tariffs --   |t Sri Lanka's Feed-In Tariffs --   |t South Africa's Feed-In Tariffs and Competitive Procurements --   |t Notes --   |t References --   |g Appendix G   |t Topping Up Feed-In Tariffs by Donors: Key Implementation Issues --   |t Eligible Renewable Technologies --   |t Uniform versus Particularized Top-Ups --   |t Disbursement --   |t Selection --   |t Relationship to Carbon Credits --   |t Top-Up, Buy-Down, or Both? --   |t Extra Top-Up for Electrification? --   |t Guarantees of Payment --   |t Concessional versus Market Financing for Equity and Debt --   |t References. 
533 |a Electronic reproduction.  |b Perth, W.A.  |n Available via World Wide Web. 
588 |a Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on May 19, 2016). 
650 0 |a Rural electrification  |z Africa. 
650 0 |a Rural electrification  |x Economic aspects  |z Africa. 
650 0 |a Small power production facilities  |z Africa. 
650 0 |a Distributed generation of electric power  |z Africa. 
650 0 |a Remote area power supply systems  |z Africa. 
650 7 |a Rural electrification.  |2 fast  |0 (OCoLC)fst01101584 
650 7 |a Rural electrification  |x Economic aspects.  |2 fast  |0 (OCoLC)fst01101592 
650 7 |a Small power production facilities.  |2 fast  |0 (OCoLC)fst01743827 
650 7 |a Distributed generation of electric power.  |2 fast  |0 (OCoLC)fst00895584 
650 7 |a Remote area power supply systems.  |2 fast  |0 (OCoLC)fst01094461 
651 7 |a Africa.  |2 fast  |0 (OCoLC)fst01239509 
700 1 |a Greacen, Chris.  |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2009201520 
700 1 |a Siyambalapitiya, Tilak.  |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n98921376 
700 1 |a Knuckles, James.  |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2013121396 
710 2 |a Ebooks Corporation.  |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2008069136 
776 0 8 |i Print version:  |a Tenenbaum, Bernard William, author.  |t From the bottom up.  |d Washington, DC : The World Bank, 2014  |z 9781464800931  |w (DLC) 2013043831 
830 0 |a Directions in development (Washington, D.C.).  |p Energy and mining.  |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2006122008 
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