Table of Contents: “…--The right to be sure, by A. J. Ayer…”

Table of Contents: “…Lewis -- The a priori / by A.J. Ayer -- Two dogmas of empiricism / by W.V. Quine -- Wittgenstein and logical necessity / by Barry Stroud -- Analyticity and apriority, beyond Wittgenstein and Quine / by Hilary Putnam -- The truths of reason / by Roderick M. …”

Table of Contents: “…--I think, therefore I am, by A. J. Ayer.--Of personal identity, by D. Hume.--Hume on personal identity, by T. …”

Table of Contents: “…Knowing as having the right to be sure, by A. J. Ayer.--Knowledge and belief, by N. Malcolm.--Is justified true belief knowledge? …”

Table of Contents: “…From the Nicomachean ethics / Aristotle -- The Stoics, form various sources -- From On the nature of things / Lucretius -- From On the nature of things / Lucretius -- From the Summa theologica / Aquinas -- From A treatise of human nature / David Hume -- From An enquiry concerning human understanding / David Hume -- From the Critique of pure reason / Immanual Kant -- From the Critique of practical reason / Immanual Kant -- Freedom and necessity / A. J. Ayer -- Freedom and resentment / P. F. Strawson -- Human freedom and the self / Roderick Chisholm -- Alternate possibilities and moral responsibility / Harry Frankfurt -- Freedom of the will and the concept of a person / Harry Frankfurt -- The incompatibility of free will and determinism / Peter van Inwagen -- Asymmetrical freedom / Susan Wolf -- Responsiveness and moral responsibility / John Martin Fischer -- Determinism "al dente" / Derk Pereboom -- From Agent causation and event causation in the production of free action / Randolph Clarke.…”

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Table of Contents: “…Ross -- Ethics as Emotive Expression / A. J. Ayer and C. L. Stevenson -- Ethics as Radical Freedon / Simone de Beauvoir -- Good Reasons in Ethics / Kurt Baier -- Ethics and Social Justice / John Rawls -- Moral Virtue and Human Interest / Philippa Foot.…”

Table of Contents: “…Question (1968) -- Russell and Moore: The Analytical Heritage, by A. J. Ayer (1971) -- Immanuel Kant, by Lucien Goldmann, Cambridge Review (1972) -- A Theory of Justice, by John Rawls, Spectator (1972) -- Beyond Freedom and Dignity, by B. …”

Table of Contents: “…Contemporary Problems -- The Question of Verification and Falsification -- Theology as Meaningless / A. J. Ayer -- Theology and Falsification / Antony Flew -- Religious Statements as Ethically but not Factually Significant / R. …”

Table of Contents: “…Mortimer -- Ultimate principles and ethical egoism / Brian Medlin -- Utilitarianism / John Stuart Mill -- Passage from Ordinary rational knowledge of morality to philosophical / Immanuel Kant -- Critique of ethics and theology / A.J. Ayer -- Ethics and observation / Gilbert Harman -- Morality as the best explanation / Lowell Kleiman -- Virtue concepts and ethical realism / Bruce Brower -- Why should we be moral? …”

Table of Contents: “…: Bertrand Russell -- Boo!/Hurray! : A.J. Ayer -- The anguish of freedom : Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir and Albert Camus -- Bewitched by language : Ludwig Wittgenstein -- The man who didn't ask questions : Hannah Arendt -- Learning from mistakes : Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn -- The runaway train and the unwanted violinist : Philippa Foot and Judith Jarvis Thomson -- Fairness through ignorance : John Rawls -- Can computers think? …”
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Table of Contents: “…Language and Metaphysics -- Ludwig Wittgenstein -- Logical Positivism and the Vienna Circle -- Rudolf Carnap -- A.J. Ayer -- The Analysis of Ordinary Language -- PART FOUR: American Philosophy / ǂr Armand A. …”

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Table of Contents: “…Mackie, Conclusions and implications, from The miracle of theism : arguments for and against the existence of God --- Michael Shermer, Genesis revisited : a scientific creation story --- A.J. Ayer, That undiscovered country --- Daniel C. …”